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As AI systems become agentic—capable of initiating actions rather than merely producing outputs—the primary governance risk shifts from model behaviour to unauthorised execution.
In human systems, authority is typically clarified before action occurs. In automated systems, authority is often reconstructed after the fact through explanation, review, or audit. That pattern does not scale once decisions occur at machine speed.
This Context sets out a simple structural observation: agentic systems operate under multiple authority regimes, and those regimes must be made explicit before execution is permitted.
Authority precedes execution
Agentic systems do not act in a vacuum. Every automated action implicitly assumes some form of authority—legal, organisational, or delegated. When that authority is unclear, action may still occur, but legitimacy is established only retrospectively.
Post-hoc controls can preserve accountability, but they do not prevent unauthorised action. As automation accelerates, governance must therefore move upstream of execution.
Multiple authority regimes
In practice, agentic systems may operate under different forms of authority, including statutory authority, organisational authority, and custodial or cultural authority. These regimes may coexist within the same system. Treating governance as a single, uniform control model obscures this reality.
Execution as a constrained act
Automated actions should only occur where the relevant authority regime has been identified, interpreted, and verified in advance. Where authority is ambiguous, incomplete, or in conflict, the correct system response is restraint rather than optimisation.
Special authority regimes
Some domains require authority that cannot be inferred internally. Custodial arrangements and externally recognised authorities introduce constraints that must be enforced operationally rather than expressed as values or principles.
Why this matters
Agentic systems increase the speed and reach of decision-making. Governing authority before execution supports lawful, auditable automation without prescribing specific technologies, platforms, or governance models.
Single reference: Authority Before Action as a Structural Constraint
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